[[TableOfContents]] == ȯ°æ º¯¼ö == === ȯ°æ º¯¼ö? === ==== ±×°ÍµéÀº µ¥Ã¼ ¹º°¡¿ä? ==== ȯ°æº¯¼ö´Â Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǿ¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â Á¤º¸¸¦ Æ÷ÇÔÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â À̸§ÀÌ ºÙÀº °´Ã¼ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¤Ô¸¹Àº »ç¿ëÀÚµé (±×¸®°í ƯÈ÷ ¸®´ª½º¸¦ °« Á¢ÇÑ) Àº ÀÌ°ÍÀÌ ¾à°£ ÀÌ»óÇϰųª °ü¸®°¡ ¾ÈµÇ´Â °É ¹ß°ßÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ±×·¸°Ô »ý°¢ÇÏ´Â°Ç ½Ç¼öÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ Çϳª ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǿ¡¼­ ȯ°æ¼³Á¤À» ½±°Ô º¯°æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ==== Áß¿äÇÑ ¿¹ ==== ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Ç¥¿¡¼­´Â ¸®´ª½º ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ¸¹Àº º¯¼öµéÀ» ³ª¿­ÇÏ°í ±×µéÀÇ »ç¿ë¿¡ ´ëÇØ ¼³¸íÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿¹Á¦ °ªµéÀº Ç¥ ´ÙÀ½¿¡ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù. || Variable || Description || || PATH || This variable contains a colon-separated list of directories in which your system looks for executable files. If you enter a name of an executable (such as ls, rc-update or emerge) but this executable is not located in a listed directory, your system will not execute it (unless you enter the full path as command, such as /bin/ls). || || ROOTPATH || This variable has the same function as PATH, but this one only lists the directories that should be checked when the root-user enters a command. || || LDPATH || This variable contains a colon-separated list of directories in which the dynamical linker searches through to find a library. || || MANPATH || This variable contains a colon-separated list of directories in which the man command searches for the man pages. || || INFODIR || This variable contains a colon-separated list of directories in which the info command searches for the info pages. || || PAGER || This variable contains the path to the program used to list the contents of files through (such as less or more). || || EDITOR || This variable contains the path to the program used to change the contents of files with (such as nano or vi). || || KDEDIRS || This variable contains a colon-separated list of directories which contain KDE-specific material. || || CONFIG_PROTECT || This variable contains a space-delimited list of directories which should be protected by Portage during updates. || || CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK || This variable contains a space-delimited list of directories which should not be protected by Portage during updates. || ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼­ ÀÌµé º¯¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¼±¾ðÀÇ ¿¹¸¦ º¸½Ç ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 1-1 : ¼±¾ð ¿¹Á¦''' {{{ PATH="/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/bin:/opt/bin:/usr/games/bin" ROOTPATH="/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin" LDPATH="/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:/usr/lib/gcc-lib/i686-pc-linux-gnu/3.2.3" MANPATH="/usr/share/man:/usr/local/share/man" INFODIR="/usr/share/info:/usr/local/share/info" PAGER="/usr/bin/less" EDITOR="/usr/bin/vim" KDEDIRS="/usr" CONFIG_PROTECT="/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb /opt/tomcat/conf \ /usr/kde/3.1/share/config /usr/share/texmf/tex/generic/config/ \ /usr/share/texmf/tex/platex/config/ /usr/share/config" CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="/etc/gconf" }}} === Àü¿ªÀû º¯¼ö Á¤ÀÇ === ==== /etc/env.d µð·ºÅ丮 ==== ÀÌ º¯¼öµéÀÇ Á¤ÀǸ¦ Çѵ¥ ¸ðÀ¸±â À§ÇØ Á¨Åõ´Â /etc/env.d µð·ºÅ丮¸¦ ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ µð·ºÅ丮 ¾È¿¡´Â 00basic, 05gccµî°ú °°Àº ¼ö¸¹Àº ÆÄÀϵéÀ» ãÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ°ÍÀº ±×µéÀÇ À̸§¿¡¼­ ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ´Â ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ǿ¡¼­ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ º¯¼öµéÀÌ µé¾îÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦µé¾î gcc¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇßÀ»¶§ ebuild¿¡ ÀÇÇØ ¸¸µé¾îÁø 05gcc¶ó ºÒ¸®¿ì´Â ÆÄÀÏ¿¡´Â ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ º¯¼öµéÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ°¡ µé¾îÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 2-1 : /etc/env.d/05gcc''' {{{ PATH="/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc-bin/3.2" ROOTPATH="/usr/i686-pc-linux-gnu/gcc-bin/3.2" MANPATH="/usr/share/gcc-data/i686-pc-linux-gnu/3.2/man" INFOPATH="/usr/share/gcc-data/i686-pc-linux-gnu/3.2/info" CC="gcc" CXX="g++" LDPATH="/usr/lib/gcc-lib/i686-pc-linux-gnu/3.2.3" }}} ´Ù¸¥ ¹èÆ÷ÆÇÀº º¯°æ»çÇ×À» ¾Ë·ÁÁְųª ¸î¸î ȯ°æ º¯¼ö Á¤ÀǸ¦ /etc/profile¿¡ ´Ù ³Ö°Å³ª ´Ù¸¥ À§Ä¡¿¡ ³Ö½À´Ï´Ù. Á¨Åõ´Â ¹Ý¸é¿¡ »ç¿ëÀÚ ¿©·¯ºÐ(±×¸®°í ¶ÇÇÑ Æ÷ƼÁö)À» À§ÇØ °ü¸®Çϱ⠽±°Ô ¸¸µé¾ú°í ȯ°æº¯¼ö´Â ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ ÀúÀåÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¼ö¸¹Àº ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ½Å°æ¾²´Â °Í ¾øÀÌ °ü¸®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î gcc°¡ °»½Å µÇ¾úÀ»¶§, /etc/env.d/05gcc ÆÄÀϵµ »ç¿ëÀÚ¿ÍÀÇ »óÈ£ÀÛ¿ë¿¡ ÀÇÇÑ ¿äû ¾øÀÌ °»½ÅµË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â Æ÷ƼÁöÀÇ ÀÕÁ¡ÀÏ »Ó¸¸ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó »ç¿ëÀڷμ­ÀÇ ÀÕÁ¡À̱⵵ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. °æ¿ì¿¡ µû¶ó ½Ã½ºÅÛ ¹üÀ§¿µ¿ª¿¡¼­ ¾î¶² ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ ¼³Á¤Çϵµ·Ï ¿äûÇÒÁöµµ ¸ð¸¨´Ï´Ù. ¿¹Á¦¿¡¼­¿Í °°ÀÌ ¿ì¸®´Â http_proxy º¯¼ö¸¦ Àâµµ·Ï ÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. /etc/profileÀ» °Å´ëÇÏ°Ô ºÎÇ®¸®´Â ´ë½Å¿¡, ´ÜÁö /etc/env.d/99local ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¸¸µé°í ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ Á¤Àdz»¿ëÀ» ÀÔ·ÂÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 2-2 : /etc/env.d/99local''' {{{ http_proxy="proxy.server.com:8080" }}} µ¶ÀÚ ¿©·¯ºÐÀÇ ¸ðµç º¯¼öµéÀ» ¾²±â À§ÇØ °°Àº ÆÄÀÏ »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î½á, µ¶ÀÚ¿©·¯ºÐ ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ Á¤ÀÇ»ê º¯¼öµéÀ» »¡¸® ÈȾ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ==== env-update ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® ==== /etc/env.dÀÇ ¸¹Àº ÆÄÀϵéÀº PATHº¯¼ö¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â À߸øµÈ °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Õ´Ï´Ù. env-update¸¦ µ¶ÀÚ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ½ÇÇàÇÒ¶§ À̴ ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ °»½ÅÇϱâÀü¿¡ ¼ö¸¹Àº Á¤ÀǸ¦ ºÙÀÌ°Ô µÉ °ÍÀÌ°í, ±×°ÍÀ¸·Î ÀÎÇØ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ µ¶ÀÚ¿©·¯ºÐ ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ È¯°æ º¯¼ö ¼³Á¤¿¡ ÀÌ¹Ì Á¸ÀçÇÏ´Â °ª¿¡ ¹æÇعÞÁö ¾Ê°í ½±°Ô Ãß°¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. env-update ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®´Â /etc/env.d ÆÄÀϵ鿡 ¾ËÆĺª ¼ø¼­´ë·Î °ªÀÌ ºÙÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÆÄÀÏ À̸§Àº µÎÀÚ¸® ¼ýÀÚ·Î ½ÃÀ۵Ǿî¾ß¸¸ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 2-3 : env-update¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â °»½Å¼ø¼­''' {{{ 00basic 99kde-env 99local +-------------+----------------+-------------+ PATH="/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/kde/3.2/bin:/usr/local/bin" }}} º¯¼öÀÇ º´ÇÕÀº Ç×»ó ÀϾ´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó ´ÙÀ½ º¯¼ö¿¡ ´ëÇØ ÀϾ´Ï´Ù. KDEDIRS, PATH, LDPATH, MANPATH, INFODIR, INFOPATH, ROOTPATH, CONFIG_PROTECT, CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK, PRELINK_PATH, PRELINK_PATH_MASK. ´Ù¸¥ ¸ðµç º¯¼öµéÀ» À§ÇØ ÃÖ±Ù Á¤ÀÇµÈ °ª(/etc/env.d¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ÆÄÀϵéÀÇ ¾ËÆĺª ¼ø¼­´ë·Î)ÀÌ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. env-update¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ¶§ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®´Â ¸ðµç ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ ¸¸µé°ÍÀÌ°í ±×µéÀ» /etc/profile.env(/etc/profile¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù)¿¡ ³õÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¶ÇÇÑ LDPATH º¯¼ö·ÎºÎÅÍ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÃßÃâÇÏ¿© /etc/ld.so.conf¸¦ ¸¸µå´Âµ¥ »ç¿ëµË´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ´ÙÀ½¿¡´Â µ¿Àû ¸µÄ¿¿¡ ÀÇÇØ »ç¿ëµÉ /etc/ld.so.cache¸¦ Àç»ý¼ºÇϱâ À§ÇØ ldconfig¸¦ ½ÇÇàÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. env-updateÀÇ È¿°ú¸¦ ½ÇÇàÈÄ Áï½Ã ´«À¸·Î º¸°í ½Í´Ù¸é ȯ°æÀ» ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®Çϱâ À§ÇØ ´ÙÀ½¸í·ÉÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Á÷Á¢ Á¨Åõ¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ »ç¿ëÀںеéÀ̶ó¸é ¾Æ¸¶ ¼³Ä¡°úÁ¤À¸·ÎºÎÅÍ ´ÙÀ½À» ±â¾ïÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 2-4 : ȯ°æ °»½Å''' {{{ # env-update && source /etc/profile }}} '''À¯ÀÇ»çÇ× : À§ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀº ´ÜÁö ÇöÀç Å͹̳ΰú »õ·Î¿î ÄÜ¼Ö ±×¸®°í ±×µéÀÇ ÀÚ½Ä ÄܼÖÀÇ º¯¼ö¿¡ ÇÑÇؼ­¸¸ °»½ÅÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡¼­ X11¿¡¼­ ÀÛ¾÷ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì source /etc/profileÀ» ¸Å »õ·Î¿î Å͹̳ÎÀ» ¿­¶§¸¶´Ù ȤÀº X¸¦ ´Ù½Ã ½ÃÀÛÇÒ¶§¸¶´Ù ÀÏÀ̸® ÃÄÁÙ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖ¾î ¸ðµç »õ·Î¿î Å͹̳¯Àº »õ·Î¿î º¯¼ö¸¦ ±Ù¿ø¿ä¼Ò·Î °®½À´Ï´Ù. ¸¸¾à ·Î±ä ¸Å´ÏÀú¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é ·çÆ®·Î µé¾î¿Í¼­ /etc/init.d/xdm restart¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ½Ê½Ã¿Í ±×·¸Áö ¾ÊÀ¸¸é ·Î±×¾Æ¿ôÇÏ°í »õ·Î¿î º¯¼ö °ªÀ¸·Î ÀÚ½Ä Å͹̳ο¡ º¯¼ö°ªÀ» »Ñ¸®±â À§ÇØ X·Î ´Ù½Ã ·Î±×ÇÒ ÇÊ¿ä°¡ ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.''' '''Áß¿ä : ´Ù¸¥ º¯¼ö¸¦ Á¤ÀÇÇÒ¶§ ½© º¯¼ö´Â »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ´Â FOO="$BAR"($BAR´Â ´Ù¸¥ º¯¼öÀÔ´Ï´Ù)¿Í °°Àº°ÍÀÌ ±ÝÁöµÈ´Ù´Â ÀǹÌÀÔ´Ï´Ù.''' === Áö¿ªÀû º¯¼ö Á¤ÀÇ === ==== »ç¿ëÀÚ ÁöÁ¤ ==== ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ Àü¿ªÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÇÇϴ°ÍÀ» Ç×»ó ¿øÇÏ´Â°Ç ¾Æ´Ò °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿¹¸¦ µé¾î /home/my_user/bin°ú ÇöÀç ÀÛ¾÷µð·ºÅ丮 (µ¶ÀÚ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ ÀÖ´Â ¹Ù·Î "ÀÌ" µð·ºÅ丮) ¸¦ PATH º¯¼ö¿¡ »õ·ÎÃß°¡ÇÏ±æ ¿øÇÒÁöµµ¸ð¸£°ÚÁö¸¸, °°Àº ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¸ðµç ´Ù¸¥ »ç¿ëÀÚµéÀÌ ±×µé¸¸ÀÇ PATH¸¦ °¡Áö´Â°ÍÀ» ¿øÇÏÁö´Â ¾ÊÀ» °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ȯ°æº¯¼ö¸¦ Áö¿ªÀûÀ¸·Î Á¤ÀÇÇÏ·Á¸é ~/.bashrc ³ª ~/.bash_profile¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 3-1 : ~/.bashrcÀÇ Áö¿ªÀû »ç¿ëÀ» À§ÇÑ PATH È®Àå''' {{{ (A colon followed by no directory is treated as the current working directory) PATH="${PATH}:/home/my_user/bin:" }}} Àç·Î±äÇϸé, PATH º¯¼ö°¡ °»½ÅµÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ==== ¼¼¼Ç ÁöÁ¤ ==== ½ÉÁö¾î ¶§·Î´Â ¾öÇÑ Á¤ÀÇ°¡ ¿ä±¸µÉ ¶§µµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ¸¶µµ ¹ÙÀ̳ʸ® ÀڽŵéÀÇ °æ·Î¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏÁö ¾Ê°Å³ª ȤÀº µ¶ÀÚ¿©·¯ºÐµé¿¡°Ô Àá±ñ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÀÌÀ¯·Î ~/.bashrc¸¦ ÆíÁýÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í µ¶ÀÚ¿©·¯ºÐµéÀÌ ¸¸µé¾î³õÀº Àӽà µð·ºÅ丮·ÎºÎÅÍ ¹ÙÀ̳ʸ®¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô ÇÏ°í ½Í¾îÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ·± °æ¿ì ´ÜÁö PATHº¯¼ö¸¦ ÇöÀç ¼¼¼Ç¿¡ export ¸í·ÉÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Á¤ÀÇÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ·Î±×¾Æ¿ôÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Âµ¿¾ÈÀº PATH º¯¼ö´Â Àӽà ¼³Á¤³»¿ëÀ¸·Î °è¼Ó »ç¿ëµÉ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. '''¿¹Á¦ 3-2 : ¼¼¼Ç ÁöÁ¤ ȯ°æº¯¼öÀÇ Á¤ÀÇ''' {{{ # export PATH="${PATH}:/home/my_user/tmp/usr/bin" }}} [http://wiki.kldp.org/wiki.php/GentooX86Handbook_Ko ÀÌÀüÀ¸·Î °¡±â]