Debian Install-HOWTO
DebianInstall-HOWTO
ÀÌ ¹®¼´Â ¸®´ª½º ¹èÆ÷ÆÇ ÁßÀÇ ÇϳªÀÎ µ¥ºñ¾È GNU/Linux ¼³Ä¡¿Í ¼³Ä¡ÈÄÀÇ °£·«ÇÑ ¼³Á¤ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ´Ù·ç¾ú½À´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌÀçÈ« http://www.pyrasis.com
Contents
1. ÁÖ¿ä ¸µÅ© ¶µ¥ºñ¾È °ø½Ä »çÀÌÆ® : http://www.debian.org
Çѱ¹ µ¥ºñ¾È : http://www.debian.or.kr
Çѱ¹µ¥ºñ¾È»ç¿ëÀÚ¸ðÀÓ : http://www.debianusers.org
debianplanet : http://www.debianplanet.org
debianhelp : http://www.debianhelp.org
distrowatch : http://www.distrowatch.com/index.php?language=KR
2. °³¿ä ¶µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀº ¾¾µð ÇÑÀåÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ³×Æ®¿öÅ©·Î ¾îÇø®ÄÉÀ̼ÇÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
³×Æ®¿öÅ©°¡ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ÄÄÇ»Å͵µ µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ µ¥ºñ¾È CD 7ÀåÀÌ ¸ðµÎ ÀÖ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â ºÒÆíÇÔÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. (¾¾µð Àå¼ö´Â ¹öÀü¸¶´Ù ´Ù¸¨´Ï´Ù.)
IPÁÖ¼Ò ¹× ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼¼ºÎ¼³Á¤À» ÅëÇØ ÀÎÅͳÝÀÌ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ±âº»À¸·Î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
µ¥ºñ¾È ¾¾µð¸¦ ±¸ÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº http://www.debian.orgÀÇ µ¥ºñ¾È ¾¾µð ±¸Çϱ⠸޴º¿¡ ±¹°¡º° ¹Ì·¯ »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ÅëÇØ ¾¾µð·ÒÀ̹ÌÁö(ISO)¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ³×Æ®¿öÅ©·Î ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÇÒ °ÍÀ̹ǷΠ7Àå ¸ðµÎ ¹ÞÀ» ÇÊ¿ä´Â ¾ø°í 1¹ø ¾¾µð¸¸ ¹ÞÀ¸¸é µË´Ï´Ù.
Non-US ÆÐÅ°Áö ¹× Non-US CD, µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀ» »ç¿ëÇϰųª ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ´Ùº¸¸é Non-US ¶ó´Â ¸»ÀÌ ³ª¿À´Âµ¥. US´Â ¹Ì±¹À» ¶æÇÏ¸ç ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼´Â ¾ÏÈ£È¿Í °ü·ÃµÈ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥(SSH, SSLµî)ÀÇ ¼öÃâÀ» ±ÔÁ¦ÇÏ´Â ¹ýÀÌ ÀÖ¾î ¹Ì±¹¿¡ ÀÖ´Â ¼¹ö³ª ¹Ì±¹¿¡¼ »ý»êµÇ´Â CD·ÒµéÀº ¾ÏÈ£È ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ³ÖÀ»¼ö°¡ ¾ø°Ô µÇ¾îÀÖ¾î ¹Ì±¹ ÀÌ¿ÜÀÇ ´Ù¸¥ ³ª¶óÀÇ ¼¹ö¿¡¼ Non-US¶ó´Â À̸§À¸·Î ¾ÏÈ£È °ü·ÃÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
3. µ¥ºñ¾È ¼³Ä¡ ¶¿©±â¼´Â 2003³â 10¿ù, ¾ÈÁ¤¹öÀü(stable) µ¥ºñ¾È ¿ìµð(woody) 3.0r1À» ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù.
4. µ¥ºñ¾È Á¾·ù ¼±ÅÃÇϱ⠶ÇöÀç(2004-02-14) µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀº Å©°Ô stable(¿ìµð - woody)°ú unstable(½Ãµå - sid)°¡ ÀÖ´Ù. À̵é Áß ¹«¾ùÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡´Â ÀÚ½ÅÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀÌÁö¸¸ ÁÖ·Î ¼±ÅÃÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀº ¼¹ö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ·Á¸é stable À» µ¥½ºÅ©Å¾À¸·Î ¾²·Á¸é unstable À» ¾²¶ó´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. unstable À̶ó°í ±×·¸°Ô ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤ÇÑ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´Ï¸ç ´õ¿í ÀÚÁÖ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®µÇ¾î È·ÁÇÑ ¸®´ª½º µ¥½ºÅ©Å¾À» ¸¸³£ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.
5.1. Ä¿³Î ¼±Åà ¶µ¥ºñ¾È ¼³Ä¡ ¾¾µð¸¦ ³ÖÀºÈÄ ¾¾µð·Î ºÎÆÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¾¾µð ºÎÆÃÀÌ µÇ°í ¿£Å͸¦ Ä¡°Ô µÇ¸é Ä¿³Î 2.2.20À¸·Î ¼³Ä¡µÇ°Ô µÇ°í compact¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ°Ô µÇ¸é Ä¿³Î 2.2.20À¸·Î ¼³Ä¡µÇ¸é¼ ½ºÄ«½Ã Ä«µå µîÀÌ ÀÎ½ÄµÇ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
bf24 ¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇϸé Ä¿³Î 2.4.18·Î ¼³Ä¡µÇ°Ô µÇ¸ç ½ºÄ«½Ã Ä«µåµµ ÀνÄÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. ±×·¡µµ ÀνÄÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì´Â vanilla·Î ºÎÆÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
600¸Þ°¡Â¥¸® 1¹ø ¾¾µð¸¦ ¹Þ¾Ò´Ù¸é bf24, compact, vanilla ¿É¼ÇÀ» ¸ðµÎ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù..
±×·¯³ª 10¸Þ°¡Â¥¸® ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀνºÅç À̹ÌÁö¿¡´Â À§ÀÇ ¿É¼ÇÀÌ ¾øÀ» ¼öµµ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ ¾¾µð´Â ¿£ÅÍ(±âº»°ªÀÎ linux)¸¸ Ä¡¸é µË´Ï´Ù.
5.2. Çϵåµð½ºÅ© ÆÄƼ¼Ç ºÐÇÒ ¶´ÙÀ½Àº µ¥ºñ¾È ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ¶§ ³ª¿À´Â cfdisk¶ó´Â ÆÄƼ¼Ç °ü¸® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
cfdisk 2.11n
Disk Drive: /dev/hda Size: 17179803648 bytes Heads: 255 Sectors per Track: 63 Cylinders: 2088 Name Flags Part Type FS Type [Label] Size (MB) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- hda1 Primary Linux swap 131.61 hda2 Primary Linux ext3 797.86 Pri/Log Free Space 16244.93 [ Help ] [ New ] [ Print ] [ Quit ] [ Units ] [ Write ] Print help screen
cfdisk 2.11n
Disk Drive: /dev/hda Size: 17179803648 bytes Heads: 255 Sectors per Track: 63 Cylinders: 2088 Name Flags Part Type FS Type [Label] Size (MB) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- hda1 Primary Linux swap 131.61 hda2 Primary Linux ext3 797.86 Pri/Log Free Space 16244.93 [Bootable] [ Delete ] [ Help ] [Maximize] [ Print ] [ Quit ] [ Type ] [ Units ] [ Write ] Toggle bootable flag of the current partition 5.2.1. cfdisk ¸Þ´º ¼³¸í ¶New : »õ ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ» ¸¸µì´Ï´Ù.. ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀÇ ¿ë·®°ú À§Ä¡¸¦ Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Primary¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ°í ¿ë·®À» ÀÔ·ÂÇϸé Beginning°ú End°¡ ¶å´Ï´Ù. ÀüÀÚ´Â Çϵåµð½ºÅ© ¾ÕÂÊ¿¡, ÈÄÀÚ´Â µÚÂÊ¿¡ ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀÌ »ý±ä´Ù°í »ý°¢ÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù. ÀϹÝÀûÀ¸·Î BeginningÀ¸·Î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Type : À§¿¡¼ New·Î ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ» ¸¸µç ºÎºÐ¿¡ »ý±é´Ï´Ù. µé¾î°¡º¸¸é ¿©·¯°¡Áö ÆÄƼ¼Ç ŸÀÔÀÌ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.
ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ¸®´ª½ºÆÄƼ¼ÇÀº ±×´ë·Î µÎ°í ½º¿Ò ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÏ·Á¸é 82¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Write : ÆÄƼ¼Ç ºÐÇÒ ¹× »èÁ¦ µîÀÇ º¯µ¿ »çÇ×À» ÀúÀåÇÕ´Ï´Ù. yes¸¦ ÀÔ·ÂÇÏ°í ¿£ÅÍ
Delete : ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀ» Áö¿ó´Ï´Ù.
Quit : ÆÄƼ¼Ç ¼³Á¤ Á¾·á.
¸ÕÀú ÀÖ´ø ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀº »èÁ¦ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. IDEÇÏµå ±âÁØÀ¸·Î ù¹ø° ÆÄƼ¼Ç hda1Àº swapÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (typeÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÈÄ 82¹ø ¼±ÅÃ)
½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ¸Þ¸ð¸® ¿ë·®ÀÇ 2¹è Á¤µµ·Î ¿ë·®À» ¼³Á¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³ª¸ÓÁö ºÎºÐÀº ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÌ ¿ëµµ¿¡ ¸Â°Ô ºÐ¹èÇÏ°í, °¢°¢ ³ª´µ¾îÁø ÆÄƼ¼ÇÀº ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ¸¶¿îÆ® ¼³Á¤À» ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
5.3. Ä¿³Î ¹× µå¶óÀ̹ö ¸ðµâ ¼³Ä¡ ¶°¡Àå ¿ì¼±ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇØ¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µå¶óÀ̹öÀÇ ¼³Ä¡ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀº ³×Æ®¿öÅ©·Î ¸ðµç°ÍÀ» ¼³Ä¡Çϱ⠶§¹®¿¡ ³×Æ®¿÷ÀÌ µÇÁö ¾Ê´Â ½Ã½ºÅÛ¿¡¼´Â ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ¿ÏÀüÇÏ°Ô ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù. (7ÀåÀÇ ¾¾µð·Î ÇϳªÇϳª ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¸é ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.)
¸¹ÀÌ »ç¿ëµÇ´Â ³×Æ®¿öÅ© µå¶óÀ̹ö´Â ´ÙÀ½°ú °°½À´Ï´Ù.
3Com·£Ä«µå µå¶óÀ̹ö´Â Á¾·ù°¡ ´Ù¾çÇÏ°Ô ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ÀÚ½ÅÀÌ °¡Áö°í ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Àß ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù¸é ÇϳªÇϳª ¼±ÅÃÇؼ ¸ðµâÀ» ¿Ã·Áº¸°í Install Success°¡ µÇ´Â °ÍÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù..
Virtual PCÀÇ °æ¿ì DEC Tulip Ĩ¼ÂÀ̹ǷΠde4x5(Generic DECchip & Digital ETHERWorks PCI/EISA) ȤÀº tulipÀ» ¼±Åà ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
VMwareÀÇ °æ¿ì AMD PCnet32 Ĩ¼ÂÀ̹ǷΠpcnet32¸¦ ¼±Åà ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
5.4. ³×Æ®¿öÅ©¼³Á¤ ¶DHCP (µÎ·ç³Ý, Çϳª·ÎÅë½Å ÄÉÀ̺í) µîÀº DHCP ÀÚµ¿¼³Á¤À¸·Î Çϸé IP¼³Á¤ÀÌ µË´Ï´Ù. ÀÎÅÍ³Ý °øÀ¯±â¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÑ´Ù¸é DHCP ÀÚµ¿¼³Á¤À¸·Î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
°øÀÎ IP¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸é È£½ºÆ®À̸§ IPÁÖ¼Ò, ºê·ÎƮij½ºÆ®, °ÔÀÌÆ®¿þÀÌ, DNS µîÀ» Á¤È®ÀÌ ±âÀÔÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
5.6. ºÎÆ®·Î´õ ¼³Ä¡ ¶IDE Çϵå±âÁØÀ¸·Î hda¿¡ ¼³Ä¡ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. (½ºÄ«½Ãµµ ¹æ½ÄÀº µ¿ÀÏÇÕ´Ï´Ù.)
¸¸¾à À©µµ¿ì³ª ´Ù¸¥ OS¿Í ¸ÖƼºÎÆÃÀ» ÇÑ´Ù¸é hda¿¡ ¼³Ä¡¸¦ ÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ OS¸¦ Ãß°¡ ÇÒ°ÍÀÎÁö ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.
¸ÖƼºÎÆÃÀ» ÇÏ°í ½ÍÀ¸¸é ²À Ãß°¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ µ¥ºñ¾È¸¸ ´Üµ¶À¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù¸é ÀÌ·± ¸Þ½ÃÁö´Â ³ª¿ÀÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù.
5.10. Apt ¼³Á¤ ¶Apt´Â µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®ÇÏ°í ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µµ¿ÍÁÖ´Â µµ±¸ÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ÀÌ µµ±¸´Â Á¤ÇØÁø ¼¹ö¿¡¼ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¿É´Ï´Ù.
ftp, http, CDROM µîÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ftp, http·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ftp -> Korea (south)¸¦ ¼±ÅÃ
ftp.xgate.co.kr, ftp.nuri.netµîÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
(ftp.debian.org, ftp.us.debian.org, linux.sarang.net)
¼±Åà ÈÄ Á¢¼ÓÈ®ÀÎÀÌ ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. Á¢¼ÓÀÌ ¾ÈµÇ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ °£È¤ ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î Á¢¼ÓÀÌ ¾ÈµÇ´Â ÁÖ¼Ò´Â Á¦¿ÜÇÏ°í ´Ù¸¥ °ÍÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ´ëºÎºÐÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â À§¿¡¼ ÁöÁ¤ÇÑ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼ ´Ù¿î¹Þ¾Æ ¼³Ä¡ ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ftp.debian.org¿Í ftp.us.debian.org ¸¸À¸·Îµµ ½Ã½ºÅÛÀº Àß ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸ ¼Óµµ°¡ Á» ´À¸³´Ï´Ù.
¸ðµÎ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°í ³ª¼ ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ¼³¸íÇÒ ±¹³» ¹Ì·¯ »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ Ãß°¡ ÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ²À ¸ðµÎ Ãß°¡ÇÏÁö ¾Ê¾Æµµ µË´Ï´Ù.
5.11. ¾ÈÁ¤¹öÀü(stable) CD¸¦ °¡Áö°í ºÒ¾ÈÁ¤¹öÀü(unstable)À¸·Î ¾÷±×·¹À̵åÇϱâ(¼³Ä¡Çϱâ) ¶¿©±â APT ¼³Á¤¿¡¼ ¼¹öÀÇ ¼±ÅÃÀ» ÅëÇؼ unstable version À» ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. À§¿Í °°ÀÌ ÀÌ¹Ì Á¤ÇØÁ®ÀÖ´Â URLÀ» °í¸£´Â °ÍÀÌ ¾Æ´Ï¶ó, URL À» Á÷Á¢ ÀÔ·ÂÇϱ⸦ ÅëÇØ APT ¼¹ö¸¦ unstable version ¼¹ö·Î ¼³Á¤Çϸé unstable version À¸·Î ¼³Ä¡°¡ µË´Ï´Ù. ´ÙÀ½°ú °°Àº ¼¹ö¸¦ Á÷Á¢ ÀÔ·ÂÇϽʽÿÀ.
´õ¿í ¸¹Àº ¼¹ö´Â µ¥ºñ¾È unstable ¼¹ö ¼Ò½º ¸®½ºÆ® ¿¡¼ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
# °ø½Ä ¹Ì·¯
deb http://http.us.debian.org/debian unstable main contrib non-free deb http://non-us.debian.org/debian-non-US unstable/non-US main contrib non-free # Àû¼ö³× µ¿³× ¹Ì·¯ deb ftp://linux.sarang.net/.1/debian unstable main contrib non-free deb ftp://linux.sarang.net/.1/debian-non-US unstable/non-US main contrib non-free # ±×¿Ü deb ftp://ftp.debian.or.kr/debian-kr unstable-kr main contrib non-free 5.12. Tasksel ¶¼³Ä¡ °¡´ÉÇÑ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ´ëºÐ·ù·Î ³ª´µ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. ÇÊ¿äÇÑ °ÍÀº C/C++ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ·¯ À̹ǷΠÀÌ°ÍÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ³ª¸ÓÁö´Â ¼³Ä¡°¡ ³¡³ ÈÄ °³º°ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
TaskselÀ» ÇÏ°í ³ª¿À¸é dselectÀ» ½ÇÇà ÇÒ°ÍÀΰ¡ ¹°¾îº¸´Âµ¥ No·Î ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. dselectÀÇ »ç¿ë¹ýÀº ¾Æ·¡¿¡¼ ¼Ò°³ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
5.13. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡ ¶¿©·¯°¡Áö ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¼±ÅÃµÇ¾î º¸ÀÏ °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. y¸¦ ´©¸£¸é ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹Þ¾Æ ÀνºÅç ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Áß°£ Áß°£¿¡ ƯÁ¤ ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀº »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾î¶»°Ô ÇÒ °ÍÀÎÁö ¹°¾î ¿À´Â°ÍÀÌ Àִµ¥ ±×¶§ ±×¶§ º¸°í ¼±Åà ÇØÁÖ¸éµË´Ï´Ù.
ÀÎÅͳݿ¡¼ ´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹Þ°í ¹ÞÀº°ÍÀ» ¼³Ä¡Çϴµ¥ ½Ã°£ÀÌ Á» °É¸± °ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
5.14. SSH server ¼³Ä¡ ¶SSH ¼¹ö ¼³Ä¡°¡ ³ª¿À¸é ¸ðµÎ Yes¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù. µ¥ºñ¾È¿¡¼´Â SSH2 ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄݷθ¸ Á¢¼ÓÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
No¸¦ ¼±Åà Çϸé ssh1, ssh2 ¸ðµÎ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
6.1. dselect ¶dselect´Â µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ À¥¿¡¼ ´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹Þ¾Æ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°í »èÁ¦µµ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
dselectÀÇ ÃÖ´ë ÀåÁ¡Àº ÇϳªÀÇ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ¶§ »ý±â´Â ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¹®Á¦¸¦ »ç¿ëÀÚ¿¡°Ô ¾Ë·ÁÁÖ°í ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥±îÁö °°ÀÌ ¼±ÅÃÇØÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀº *.debÀÇ À̸§À¸·Î µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö ÆÄÀÏÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖÀ¸¸ç µ¥ºñ¾È ¹Ì·¯»çÀÌÆ®¿¡ ÃֽŠ¹öÀüÀ¸·Î ¸±¸®Áî µÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
dselect, apt-get, aptitude°¡ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ´Â ¹Ì·¯»çÀÌÆ®´Â /etc/apt/sources.list¿¡ ÀúÀåµÇ¾î ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
deb http://non-us.debian.org/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib non-free
deb-src http://non-us.debian.org/debian-non-US stable/non-US main contrib non-free deb http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb-src http://ftp.us.debian.org/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb-src ftp://ftp.debian.org/debian/ stable main non-free contrib deb http://security.debian.org/ stable/updates main contrib non-free µ¥ºñ¾È ¼Ò½º ¸®½ºÆ®
À§ÀÇ »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ º¸°í Á÷Á¢ /etc/apt/sources.list ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ Á÷Á¢ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ Ãß°¡Çؼ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù.
ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ Ãß°¡Çß´Ù¸é dselectÀÇ update, apt-get update, aptitudeÀÇ u ¸í·ÉÀ¸·Î ¼Ò½º¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇØ ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇØÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
6.1.1. ¸Þ´º¼³¸í ¶Access : ÆÐÅ°Áö ÆÄÀÏÀ» È®º¸ÇÒ ¹æ¹ýÀ» ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
¸ÇóÀ½ ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ¶§ ftp·Î ¼³Ä¡ Çß´Ù¸é º°´Ù¸¥ ¼³Á¤¾øÀÌ ftp¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ ´Ù¸¥ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¹ÞÀ»¼ö ÀÖÀ¸¸ç ftp, httpÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò Ãß°¡µµ ¿©±â¼ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù. CDROMµîÀ¸·Îµµ ¼³Ä¡°¡ °¡´ÉÇÏ°Ô ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Update : À§¿¡¼ ¼³Á¤ÇÑ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇÏ¿© ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¸ñ·ÏÀ» ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Select : °¡Àå ¸¹ÀÌ ¾²´Â ¸Þ´º·Î¼ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ°íÀÚ ÇÏ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Install : À§ Select¿¡¼ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ÀνºÅç ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Config : ÀνºÅçµÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¼³Á¤Ç׸ñÀÌ ÀÖÀ»°æ¿ì ÀÌ°ÍÀ¸·Î Àç¼³Á¤ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
Remove : ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ »èÁ¦ÇÕ´Ï´Ù. Select, Install¸Þ´º·Îµµ »èÁ¦°¡ °¡´ÉÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
Quit : Á¾·á.
6.1.2. ÁÖ¿ä ¸Þ´ºÀÇ ¼¼ºÎ ¼³¸í ¶Select : ÀÌ ¸Þ´º¸¦ ¼±ÅÃÇÏ¸é ¿µ¾î·Î ¼³¸íÀÌ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼´Â ½ºÆäÀ̽º¸¦ Çѹø¸¸ Ĩ´Ï´Ù.
ÁÖÀÇ) »¡¸® ³Ñ¾î°¡Áö ¾Ê´Â´Ù°í ¿£Å͸¦ ¿©·¯¹ø Ä¥ °æ¿ì select ¸Þ´º¸¦ ºüÁ®³ª°¡°í ´Ù¸¥ ¸Þ´º·Î °¡´Â ÀÏÀÌ ¹ß»ýÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
ÀÌÁ¦ ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·ÏÀÌ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù.
ÆÐÅ°Áö°Ë»ö : / °Ë»ö¾î
ÆÐÅ°Áö¼±Åà : ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡¼ + (½¬ÇÁÆ®¿Í =Å°, ¼ýÀÚÅ° ¿·ÀÇ +Å°)
ÆÐÅ°ÁöÁ¦¿Ü : ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡¼ - (-Å°, ¼ýÀÚÅ° ¿·ÀÇ -Å°)
ÀÇÁ¸¼º¿¡ °É¸®Áö ¾Ê´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â +¸¦ ´©¸£¸é ¸Ç ¾Õ¿¡ *°¡ ¹Ù·Î »ý±â¸ç ÀÇÁ¸¼º¿¡ °É¸®´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ´Ù½Ã ¿µ¾î·ÎµÈ ¼³¸í¹®ÀÌ ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù. ¼³¸í¹®ÀÌ ³ª¿À¸é ½ºÆäÀ̽º¸¦ Ĩ´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼´Â ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î ÀÇÁ¸¼º¿¡ °É¸®´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¼±ÅõǾî ÀÖÀ¸¹Ç·Î ¿£Å͸¦ Ä¡¸é ºüÁ® ³ª¿É´Ï´Ù
´Ù½Ã ±âº» select ¸Þ´ºÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¿©±â¼ ºüÁ® ³ª°¡·Á¸é ´Ù½Ã ¿£Å͸¦ Ĩ´Ï´Ù.
ESC³ª ´Ù¸¥ Å°´Â ÅëÇÏÁö ¾Ê½À´Ï´Ù. ¼±ÅÃÀ» µÇµ¹¸®±â À§Çؼ´Â Shift-R, ¼±ÅÃÇÏÁö ¾Ê°í ºüÁ®³ª°¡±â¸¦ À§Çؼ´Â Shift-Q¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µË´Ï´Ù.
Install : À§¿¡¼ ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÈÄ ºüÁ®³ª¿À¸é Install¿¡ Ä¿¼°¡ ¿Å°ÜÁ® ÀÖÀ»°ÍÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼±ÅÃÀ» ÇÏ¸é ¼±ÅÃÇß´ø ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·ÏµéÀÌ ³ª¿À°í y¸¦ ´©¸£¸é ftp »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ ¼³Ä¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù ¾î¶² ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ¼³Á¤À» ¿ä±¸ÇÏ´Â °æ¿ì°¡ Àִµ¥ ±× ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ Áö½Ã¸¦ µû¸¨´Ï´Ù.
³ª¸ÓÁö ¸Þ´º´Â ¾²´Â ÀÏÀÌ °ÅÀÇ ¾ø½À´Ï´Ù.
6.2. ´Ù¸¥ ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸® ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ (aptitude, apt-get) ¶apt-getÀ¸·Î vim ¼³Ä¡ÀÇ ¿¹Á¦
# apt-get install vim
¼Ò½º¸®½ºÆ®ÀÇ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
# apt-get update
¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®, ¹ö±×ÆÐÄ¡, º¸¾ÈÆÐÄ¡°¡ µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
# apt-get upgrade
¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®, ¹ö±×ÆÐÄ¡, º¸¾ÈÆÐÄ¡°¡ µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÑ´Ù.
# apt-get dist-upgrade
upgrade¿Í dist-upgradeÀÇ Â÷ÀÌÁ¡? - upgrade´Â ±âÁ¸ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¾÷±×·¹À̵常À» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖÁö¸¸, dist-upgrade´Â ÇÊ¿äÇÒ °æ¿ì ½Å±Ô ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ¼³Ä¡³ª ±âÁ¸ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ »èÁ¦µµ º´ÇàÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù´Ù. º¹ÀâÇÏ°Ô ¾ôÈù »óÈ£ÀÇÁ¸¼º ¶§¹®¿¡ ÀϺΠÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ¾÷±×·¹À̵åµÇÁö ¾Ê´Â °æ¿ì¿¡´Â, dist-upgrade¸¦ ¾²¸é ½±°Ô Ç® ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®, ¹ö±×ÆÐÄ¡, º¸¾ÈÆÐÄ¡µîÀº Á¤±âÀûÀ¸·Î ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ®°¡ µÇ¹Ç·Î ½Ã°£ÀÌ ³¯¶§¸¶´Ù apt-get update¿Í apt-get upgrade ¸¦ ÇØÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
aptitude ¼³Ä¡
# apt-get install aptitude
½ÇÇàÇϱâ
# aptitude
u : ¼Ò½º¸®½ºÆ®¸¦ ¾÷µ¥ÀÌÆ® ÇÑ´Ù.
/ : ÆÐÅ°Áö °Ë»ö
+ : ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼±ÅÃ
- : ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö Á¦°Å
_ : ÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀÌ ÀÖ´Â°Í ±îÁö Á¦°Å
g : ¼±ÅÃÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö ´Ù¿î·Îµå ¹× ¼³Ä¡
À§ÀÇ dselect³ª apt-get º¸´Ù aptitude°¡ ¸Å¿ì Æí¸®ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
7. ½ÃÀÛ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥ ¼³Á¤ ¶/etc/init.d Æú´õ ¾È¿¡ ½Ã½ºÅÛ ½ÃÀ۽à ½ÃÀ۵Ǵ µ¥¸óµéÀÇ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®°¡ ÀÖÀ¸¸ç
/etc/rc1.d, /etc/rc2.d .... Æú´õ¾È¿¡ °¢ ·±·¹º§¿¡ µû¸¥ ¸µÅ©µéÀÌ °É·Á ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
/etc/init.d Æú´õ¾È¿¡ ½ÇÇà ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ³ÖÀºµÚ¿¡ /etc/rc2.d ¾È¿¡ ¸µÅ©µéÀÇ ¹øÈ£µéÀ» º¸°í ¾Ë¸Â°Ô ¸µÅ©¸¦ °É¾îÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
/etc/rc2.d# ln -s ../init.d/hello S90hello
update-rc.d ÀÌ¿ëÇϱâ
# cd /etc/init.d
/etc/init.d# update-rc.d abcdef defaults 90 ¸µÅ©»èÁ¦Çϱâ
/etc/init.d# update-rc.d -f abcdef remove
8. ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤ ¶´ÙÀ½ÀÇ °¢ ÆÄÀÏ ³»¿ëÀ» ¼öÁ¤ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
/etc/hostname È£½ºÆ® À̸§À» º¯°æÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
/etc/networks ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤
/etc/network/interfaces °¢ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º Ä«µå(·£Ä«µåÀÇ IPÁÖ¼Ò, °ÔÀÌÆ®¿þÀ̵îÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.)
# /etc/network/interfaces -- configuration file for ifup(8), ifdown(8)
# The loopback interface auto lo iface lo inet loopback # The first network card - this entry was created during the Debian installation # (network, broadcast and gateway are optional) auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address 213.224.210.91 netmask 255.255.255.0 network 203.234.200.0 broadcast 203.234.200.255 gateway 213.224.210.254 9. Á¢¼ÓÁ¦ÇÑ ¼³Á¤ ¶/etc/hosts.deny ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ µî·ÏÇØ ³õÀ¸¸é ±× IP ÁÖ¼Ò´Â ÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ·Î Á¢¼ÓÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ¾ø°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
# /etc/hosts.deny: list of hosts that are _not_ allowed to access the system.
# See the manual pages hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5) # and /usr/doc/netbase/portmapper.txt.gz # # Example: ALL: some.host.name, .some.domain # ALL EXCEPT in.fingerd: other.host.name, .other.domain # # If you're going to protect the portmapper use the name "portmap" for the # daemon name. Remember that you can only use the keyword "ALL" and IP # addresses (NOT host or domain names) for the portmapper. See portmap(8) # and /usr/doc/portmap/portmapper.txt.gz for further information. # # The PARANOID wildcard matches any host whose name does not match its # address. You may wish to enable this to ensure any programs that don't # validate looked up hostnames still leave understandable logs. In past # versions of Debian this has been the default. # ALL: PARANOID sshd : 62.97.136. #ALL:ALL # ¸ðµÎ ¸·´Â´Ù. /etc/hosts.allow ÀÌ ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ IP ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ µî·ÏÇØ ³õÀ¸¸é ±× IP ÁÖ¼Ò´Â ÀÌ ÄÄÇ»ÅÍ¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÀ» ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
# /etc/hosts.allow: list of hosts that are allowed to access the system.
# See the manual pages hosts_access(5), hosts_options(5) # and /usr/doc/netbase/portmapper.txt.gz # # Example: ALL: LOCAL @some_netgroup # ALL: .foobar.edu EXCEPT terminalserver.foobar.edu # # If you're going to protect the portmapper use the name "portmap" for the # daemon name. Remember that you can only use the keyword "ALL" and IP # addresses (NOT host or domain names) for the portmapper. See portmap(8) # and /usr/doc/portmap/portmapper.txt.gz for further information. # ALL : 211.13.109.76 # 211.13.109.76 ¿¡ ´ëÇؼ´Â ¸ðµç °ÍÀ» Çã¿ë sshd : ALL # ¸ðµç IPÁÖ¼Ò¿¡ ssh Çã¿ë in.telnetd, in.ftpd, sshd : 210.23.219.47 # telnet, ftp, ssh Çã¿ë in.telnetd, in.ftpd, sshd : 211.155.219.113 # telnet, ftp, ssh Çã¿ë /etc/hosts.deny ÆÄÀÏ¿¡ ALL: ALL ·Î ¸ðµÎ °ÅºÎ¸¦ ÇÏ°í ƯÁ¤ ¾ÆÀÌÇǸ¸ /etc/hosts.allow ¿¡ µî·ÏÇؼ Á¢¼ÓÀ» Çã°¡ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
10. cron µ¥¸ó ¼³Á¤ ¶cron µ¥¸óÀº ¼³Á¤ÇØ ³õÀº ½Ã°£¿¡ µû¶ó ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®³ª ½ÇÇà ÆÄÀÏÀ» ½ÇÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
/etc/crontab ¿¡ ½Ã°£°ú ½ÇÇàÇÒ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ±âÀÔÇÕ´Ï´Ù. ¾Æ·¡´Â ¿¹Á¦ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
# /etc/crontab: system-wide crontab
# Unlike any other crontab you don't have to run the `crontab' # command to install the new version when you edit this file. # This file also has a username field, that none of the other crontabs do. SHELL=/bin/sh PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin # m h dom mon dow user command 25 6 * * * root test -e /usr/sbin/anacron || run-parts --report /etc/cron.daily #25 6 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.daily 47 6 * * 7 root test -e /usr/sbin/anacron || run-parts --report /etc/cron.weekly #47 6 * * 7 root run-parts /etc/cron.weekly 52 6 1 * * root test -e /usr/sbin/anacron || run-parts --report /etc/cron.monthly #52 6 1 * * root run-parts /etc/cron.monthly # # DB Backup 00 9 * * * root /root/BACKUP/DBbackup.cron 00 21 * * * root /root/BACKUP/DBbackup.cron
00 9 * * * root /root/BACKUP/backup.sh
/etc/cron.daily ÀÌ Æú´õ¿¡ ½ºÅ©¸³Æ®¸¦ ³ÖÀ¸¸é ÇÏ·ç¿¡ Çѹø ½ÇÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
/etc/cron.monthly ÇÑ´Þ¿¡ Çѹø ½ÇÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
/etc/cron.weekly ÀÏÁÖÀÏ¿¡ Çѹø ½ÇÇàÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
11.1. Ä¿³Î ¼Ò½º ´Ù¿î·Îµå ¶ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/kernel/2.4/ ¿¡ Á¢¼ÓÇϸé Ä¿³Î 2.4ÀÇ ¸ðµç ¼Ò½º¸¦ ¹ÞÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.
11.2. ÇÊ¿äÇÑ ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡ ¶dselect, apt-get, aptitude¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇؼ
kernel-package ¿Í libncurses(¹öÀü¸í)-dev ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ²À ¼³Ä¡ÇØ¾ß ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
kernel-package ¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ¸é µ¥ºñ¾È½Ä Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ¸í·ÉÀÎ make-kpkg À» »ç¿ë ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ°Ô µË´Ï´Ù.
libncurses5-dev ´Â make menuconfig ¸¦ ÇÒ¶§ ȸéÀ» Ç¥½ÃÇϱâ À§ÇÑ ¶óÀ̺귯¸®ÀÔ´Ï´Ù.
automake , autoconf , bzip2 , gcc , make ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀº µ¥ºñ¾ÈÀ» ¼³Ä¡ÇÒ¶§ ±âº»ÀûÀ¸·Î ¼³Ä¡°¡ µÇ´Â ÆÐÅ°ÁöµéÀÔ´Ï´Ù. ¼³Ä¡°¡ µÇ¾î ÀÖÁö ¾ÊÀ» °æ¿ì ¼³Ä¡ÁÝ´Ï´Ù.
# apt-get install kernel-package
# apt-get install libncurses5-dev 11.3. Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ¶linux-2.4.20.tar.gz Ä¿³Î ¼Ò½º
/usr/src/ ¿¡ ¾ÐÃàÀ» ÇØÁ¦ ÇÏ°í linux ·Î ½Éº¼¸¯ ¸µÅ©¸¦ »ý¼ºÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
/usr/src# ln -s linux-2.4.20 linux
/usr/src# cd linux -> /usr/src/linux/# make-kpkg clean ÀÔ·Â (±âÁ¸ÀÇ ¸µÅ©³ª ÀÇÁ¸¼ºÀ» ±ú²ýÀÌÇÔ)
/usr/src/linux# make-kpkg clean
make menuconfig ÀÔ·Â (Ä¿³Î ¿É¼Ç ¼³Á¤ : Ä¿³ÎÀÇ ¾î¶² ±â´ÉÀ» »ç¿ëÇÒ °ÍÀΰ¡ ¼³Á¤
/usr/src/linux# make menuconfig
µ¥ºñ¾È½Ä Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ¸í·É,
/usr/src ¿¡ Ä¿³Î ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ÄÄÆÄÀÏµÇ¾î »ý¼ºµË´Ï´Ù.
/usr/src/linux# make-kpkg --revision=1.0 binary-arch
ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ¸í·É
# make bzImage, make modules, make modules_install
ÄÄÆÄÀÏÀÌ ³¡³ª°í Ä¿³Î ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ¼³Ä¡ÇÕ´Ï´Ù.
/usr/src# dpkg -i kernel-headers-2.4.20_1.0_i386.deb (Ä¿³Î Çì´õ ¼³Ä¡)
/usr/src# dpkg -i kernel-image-2.4.20_1.0_i386.deb (Ä¿³Î À̹ÌÁö ¼³Ä¡) # lilo (ºÎÆ®·Î´õ º¯°æ ÀúÀå) Âü°í : µ¥ºñ¾È½Ä Ä¿³Î ÄÄÆÄÀÏ
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You are unscrupulously dishonest, false, and deceitful. |