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DHCPd mini HOWTO

DHCPd mini HOWTO

ÀúÀÚ : Paul Makeev < mac@RoSprint.net>

v1.2, 1997.6.24 ¿ªÀÚ : ½É»óÇö < artsilly@ee.korea.ac.kr> v1.2-0.9, 1998.3.25
À̹®¼­´Â DHCPd¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱâ À§ÇÑ °£·«ÇÑ Á¤º¸¿Í ³»¿ëÀ» ´ã°íÀÖ´Â mini HOWTO ÀÌ´Ù.

1. ¼Ò°³

DHCP(Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)´Â °¢°¢ÀÇ È£½ºÆ®ÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ÆĶó¹ÌÅÍ ¹× ¼³Á¤ »çÇ×µéÀ» ¼­¹öÀÇ ¼¼ÆÃÀ» »ç¿ëÇÏ¿© ¿ø°ÝÀ¸·Î ¼³Á¤ÇØÁÖ´Â ÇÁ·ÎÅäÄÝÀÌ´Ù. DHCP ´Â BOOTP¿Í ȣȯÀ» À¯ÁöÇÑ´Ù. ÀÌÁ¡¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â RFC 2131(ÀçºÐ·ù ÀÌÀüÀÇ RFC 1531) ¸¦ Âü°íÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. ±×¹ÛÀÇ ¹®°Çµé¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â À̹®¼­ ¸»¹ÌÀÇ URLµéÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© 㠾ƺ¼ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

ÀÌ ¹Ì´Ï-ÇÏ¿ìÅõ ¹®¼­´Â DHCP ¼­¹ö µ¥¸ó¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÌ´Ù. DHCP Ŭ¶óÀ̾ðÆ® µ¥¸ó¿¡ ´ëÇؼ­´Â DHCPcd-mini-HOWTO¸¦ Âü°íÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. DHCPcd ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ´ÙÀ½ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ ½±°Ô ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

¹èÆ÷ »çÀÌÆ®: ftp.kobe-u.ac.jp /pub/PC-UNIX/Linux/network/dhcp 32kB dhcpcd-0.65.tar.gz º¸Á¶ »çÀÌÆ®: sunsite.unc.edu /pub/Linux/system/network/daemons 32kB dhcpcd-0.65.tar.gz

2. ¸®´ª½º¿¡¼­ÀÇ DHCP ¼­¹ö

ÈçÈ÷ ¸»ÇÏ´Â Unix½ºÅ¸ÀÏÀÇ OS¿¡¼­ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â DHCP ¼­¹öÀÇ Á¾·ù´Â ´Ù¾çÇÏ´Ù. À̰͵éÀº »ó¿ë ¶Ç´Â ¹«·á¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾îÀÇ ÇüÅ·Π¹èÆ÷µÈ´Ù. ÀÌ ÇÏ¿ìÅõ ¹®¼­¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇϸç Paul Vixie/ISC DHCPD ¼­¹ö µ¥¸óÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© Å×½ºÆ® ÇÏ¿´´Ù. ÀÌ ÆÐÅ°Áö´Â ¸®´ª½º¿¡ ¼­¸¸ ¾µ ¼ö ÀÖµµ·Ï Á¦ÀÛµÈ °ÍÀº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ º° °í»ý¾øÀÌ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇÏ°í ÀνºÅç ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ ´Ù.

´ÙÀ½ »çÀÌÆ®¿¡¼­ Á¦°øµÇ´Â ÃֽŹöÀüÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇϰųª ÀÌ ¹®¼­¸¦ ÀÛ¼ºÇϸç È®ÀÎµÈ 5.0.9-º£Å¸¹öÀüÀ» ±¸Çؼ­ »ç¿ëÇÏ¸é µÈ´Ù.

¹èÆ÷ »çÀÌÆ® : ftp.isc.org/isc/dhcp/DHCPD-BETA-5.16.tar.gz 5.0.9-º£Å¸¸¦ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö Àִ°÷ : www.isc.org/dhcp/dhcp-beta.html

ftp.vix.com¿¡¼­´Â ´õÀÌ»ó DHCPD ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ¾øÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.(¿À·¡µÈ ÇÏ¿ìÅõ ¹® ¼­¸¦ º¸°í ¾ÆÁ÷µµ ÀÌ »çÀÌÆ®¸¦ ã¾Æ¿À´Â »ç¶÷ÀÌ ÀÖ´ÂÁöµµ ¸ð¸£°Ú´Ù. :-) ftp.isc.org¿¡¼­ ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ã¾Æ »ç¿ëÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. * ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ÇÏ°í »ç¿ëÇϱâÀü¿¡ ¹Ýµå½Ã README È­ÀÏÀ» ¼÷ÁöÇϱ⠹ٶõ´Ù. ¸®´ª½ºÀÇ °æ ¿ì¿¡ ÄÄÆÄÀÏÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ý¿¡ ´ëÇØ ³ª¿ÍÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

3. Ä¿³Î ¼³Á¤Çϱâ

Ä¿³Î¿¡¼­ÀÇ MULTICAST, Socket Filtering ¿É¼ÇÀ» È°¼ºÈ­ ½ÃÄÑÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ¹°·Ð TCP/IP ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼³Á¤ À» ÇØÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ´ç¿¬ÇÑ ÀÏÀÌ´Ù. ^.^

4. ¼³Á¤Çϱâ

[ artsilly@ee artsilly]# ifconfig -a À§ ¸í·ÉÇàÀ» ÅëÇؼ­ ´ÙÀ½°ú ºñ½ÁÇÑ ³»¿ëÀ» º¼ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

  eth0      Link encap:10Mbps Ethernet  HWaddr 00:C0:4F:D3:C4:62
            inet addr:183.217.19.43  Bcast:183.217.19.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
            UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
            RX packets:2875542 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
            TX packets:218647 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0
            Interrupt:11 Base address:0x210
  
¸¸ÀÏ 3¹ø° ¶óÀο¡ ÀÖ´Â MULTICAST¶ó´Â ´Ü¾î°¡ º¸ÀÌÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é 3Àý¿¡¼­ ¾ð±ÞÇÑ Ä¿ ³Î ¼³Á¤À» ÇØÁÖ¾î¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. MULTICAST°¡ µÇ°í ÀÖ´Â Ä¿³ÎÀ̶ó¸é ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÀ» ÅëÇØ ¾Æ·¡¿Í ºñ½ÁÇÑ ³»¿ëÀÌ ³ª¿Í¾ß ÇÑ´Ù.

[ artsilly@ee artsilly]# netstat -rn

  Kernel routing table
  Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref Use    Iface
  255.255.255.255 0.0.0.0         255.255.255.255 UH    0      0      101 eth0
ÀÌ ³»¿ëÀº ¸ÖƼij½ºÆ® ¶ó¿ìÆÃÀ» ¼³Á¤ÇØ ³õ¾Æ¾ßÇÑ´Ù.

5. ¸ÖƼij½ºÆ®ÀÇ ¼³Á¤ ¹× ±× ¹®Á¦Á¡

´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ¸í·ÉÇà [ artsilly@ee artsilly]# route add -host 255.255.255.255 À¸·Î 4Àý¿¡¼­ ¸»ÇÑ ¸ÖƼij½ºÆ®À» ¼¼ÆÃÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. ¸¸¾à ÀÌ°æ¿ì "Unknown host"¶ó´Â ¿¡·¯°¡ ³ª¿Â´Ù¸é "route add -host hostname eth0" °°Àº ¸í·Éº¸´Ü ÀÌ ÁÖ¼Ò¸¦ /etc/hosts È­ÀÏ¿¡ ÷°¡Çϱ⸦ ¹Ù¶õ´Ù. Á¤»óÀûÀ¸·Î µ¿ÀÛÇÏÁö ¾Ê´Â´Ù¸é Ä¿³ÎÀ» ÃֽŠ¹öÀüÀ¸·Î ±³Ã¼ÇÏ´ø°¡ »õ·Î¿î ³×Æ®¿öÅ© À¯Æ¿¸®Æ¼¸¦ ±¸ÇÏ¿©¾ß ÇÒ °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

6. DHCPD ¼³Á¤

¹èÆ÷µÇ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ Æ÷ÇÔµÈ ¹®¼­¸¦ ²Ä²ÄÈ÷ Àб⠹ٶõ´Ù. ¼³Á¤¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ³»¿ëÀº Áö±Ý ´Ù·ç±â¿¡´Â ³Ê¹« º¹ÀâÇÏ´Ù.

7. µÎ°³ÀÌ»óÀÇ ÀÌ´õ³Ý Ä«µå¿¡¼­ DHCPD¸¦ »ç¿ëÇϱâ

DHCPD ¸ÞÀϸµ ¸®½ºÆ®¿¡ ÀÇÇϸé ÃֽŠ¾ÈÁ¤ Ä¿³ÎÀÎ 2.0.31°ú DHCPDÀÇ ÃֽŹöÀüÀÎ 5.0.15¸¦ ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© 2°³ÀÌ»óÀÇ ¹°¸®Àû ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù°í ÇÑ´Ù. 2.0.31 ÀÇ Ä¿³Î¿¡¼­ ¾²´Â SO_BINDTODEVICE Äڵ带 ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© ÇÏÀ§·¹º§ÀÇ ¹°¸®ÀûÀÎ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀÌ ½º¸¦ ±¸ºÐÇÏ¿© »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´ÙÇÑ´Ù. °á±¹ ÃֽŹöÀüÀÇ DHCPD¿¡¼­´Â ÀÌ°ÍÀ» ÀÌ¿ëÇÏ¿© µÎ°³ÀÇ ÀÎÅÍÆäÀ̽º¸¦ »ç¿ëÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °ÍÀÌ´Ù. ±×·¯³ª ÀÌ ¹æ¹ýÀº ¾ÆÁ÷µµ º£Å¸¹öÀüÀÓ À» ±â¾ïÇØ¾ß ÇÑ´Ù. ³ª¿ª½Ãµµ È®ÀÎÇØ º¸Áö ¸øÇßÁö¸¸ ´ÙÀ½¹öÀüÀÇ HOWTO ¹®¼­¿£ Á»´õ Á¤¸®µÈ Á¤º¸¸¦ ÁÙ ¼ö ÀÖÀ» °ÍÀÌ´Ù.

8. µ¿Àû µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓ ¼­ºñ½º(Dynamic DNS)

DNS¿Í DHCP ¼­¹ö¸¦ ÇÔ²² »ç¿ëÇÔÀ¸·Î¼­ µµ¸ÞÀÎ ³×ÀÓÀ» µ¿ÀûÀ¸·Î ÇÒ´çÇÏ´Â °ÍÀº ¸Å¿ì °í¹«ÀûÀÌ¸ç ±ÇÀåÇÒ ¸¸ÇÑ ¹æ¹ýÀÌ´Ù. RFC 2136À̳ª 2137À» Âü°íÇϵµ·Ï ÇÑ´Ù. ¸î¸î DHCP¼­¹ö¿Í DNS ¼­¹ö´Â DNS Á¤º¸¸¦ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î °»½ÅÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â È¿À²ÀûÀÎ ¸ÞÄ«´ÏÁòÀ» Á¦°øÇÑ´Ù.

ISC¿¡¼­ °³¹ßµÇ°í ÀÖ´Â BIND v.8¿¡¼­´Â BIND³»ºÎ¿¡¼­ µ¿Àû °»½Å(Dynamic Update)¸¦ ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» Á¦°øÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. Á¶¸¸°£ DHCPD ¿Í BIND°¡ È¿°úÀûÀ¸·Î °áÇյDZ⸦ ±â´ëÇÑ´Ù. BIND´Â ´ÙÀ½ÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò¿¡¼­ ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù.

BIND v.8 URL: www.isc.org/bind.html

¾à°£ °³ÀÎÀûÀÎ À̾߱⸦ ÇÏÀÚ¸é ÇöÀç DHCP¿Í DNS Å×ÀÌºí¿¡ È£½ºÆ® ³×ÀÓÀ» ÀÚµ¿À¸·Î Ãß°¡ÇÏ´Â Python ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ÀÛ¼ºÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Ù. RFC¿¡¼­ ±ÇÀåÇÏ´Â »çÇ×Àº ¾Æ´ÏÁö¸¸ ¾Æ ÁÖ ÁöÀúºÐÇÏ°í ±ÍÂúÀº ÀÏÀ» ÇØÁØ´Ù. Á¤º¸°¡ ÇÊ¿äÇÑ »ç¶÷Àº À§ÀÇ ÁÖ¼Ò·Î ¸ÞÀÏÀ» º¸³» Áֱ⠹ٶõ´Ù.

9. ¿©·¯ ÇÁ·Î±×·¥À» ±¸ÇÒ ¼ö ÀÖ´Â °÷

www.isc.org/dhcp.html

- ISC DHCP ȨÆäÀÌÁö. DHCPD¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸¹Àº °ÍÀ» ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. °³ÀÎÀûÀ¸·Î ÁÁ¾ÆÇÏ´Â »çÀÌÆ®ÀÌ´Ù. www.isc.org/bind.html

- BIND v.8 ÀÇ Á¤º¸¸¦ ¾òÀ» ¼ö ÀÖ´Ù. www-leland.stanford.edu/%7Ellurch/win95netbugs/faq-c.html

- À©µµ¿ìÁî 95 ½Ã½ºÅÛÀÇ ³×Æ®¿öÅ© ¼¼Æÿ¡ ´ëÇÑ Á¤º¸µé www.bucknell.edu/~droms/dhcp/index.html

- Ralph Droms°¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â ÈǸ¢ÇÑ DHCP¿¡ ´ëÇÑ FAQ¿Í ¸µÅ©µé web.syr.edu/~jmwobus/comfaqs/dhcp.faq.html

- John Wobus°¡ Á¦°øÇÏ´Â DHCP ÀϹÝÀûÀÎ FAQ¿Í Á¤º¸µé

¸ÞÀϸµ ¸®½ºÆ® dhcp-server@fugue.com - ISC/Vixie DHCPD ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ÞÀϸµ ¸®½ºÆ® dhcp-v4@bucknell.edu- bucknell DHCPD ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ¸ÞÀϸµ ¸®½ºÆ®


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