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ÆÐÅ°Áö¸¦ ±â¹ÝÀ¸·Î ÇÏ¿© ¼ÒÇÁÆ®¿þ¾î¸¦ ¼³Ä¡/¿î¿µÇÏ´Â ´Ù¾çÇÑ OSº°·Î Àû¿ëµÇ´Â ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸® ¹æ¹ýµéÀÌ ´Ù¸£°í ºñ½ÁÇÑ ºÎºÐ¿¡ ´ëÇÑ ºñ±³ ¿ä¾à

1. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·Ï

1.1. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¸ñ·Ï °»½ÅÇϱâ

  • deb, apt-rpm
    • apt update
    • apt-get update
  • gentoo
    • emerge --sync (-q )
    • emerge --sync && fixpackages
  • pkgsrc
    • cd /usr/pkgsrc; cvs up
    • rsync --recursive --links --safe-links --perms --times --compress --force --whole-file --progress --stats --delete --delete-after --timeout=180 --exclude=distfiles/* --exclude=wip/* rsync://rsync.netbsd.org/NetBSD/NetBSD-current/pkgsrc/* /usr/pkgsrc
  • ports
    • cvsup -g -L 2 /path/ports-supfile
  • fink
    • fink selfupdate
  • Homebrew
    • brew update
  • Arch
    • pacman -Sy

1.2. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼­¹ö ¸ñ·Ï ÆÄÀÏ

  • deb
    • /etc/apt/sources.list

2. ÆÐÅ°Áö º¯°æ

2.1. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ

  • deb
    • apt install hello
    • apt-get install hello
    • dpkg -i hello*.deb
  • rpm
    • rpm -ivh hello
    • yum install hello
  • gentoo: emerge hello
    • (¹ÙÀ̳ʸ® ¼³Ä¡´Â emerge -k hello)
    • (¹ÙÀ̳ʸ®°¡ ÀÖÀ»¶§¸¸ ¼³Ä¡´Â emerge -K hello)
  • pkgsrc: ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ make install
  • slackware: installpkg hello.tgz
  • ports: ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ make install
  • solaris: pkgadd -s hello
  • fink: fink install hello
  • Homebrew: brew install hello
  • Arch:
    • pacman -S hello
      • (À缳ġ´Â ¾È ÇÏ·Á¸é pacman -S --needed hello)
    • pacman -U hello-1.0-any.pkg.tar.xz

2.2. ÆÐÅ°Áö À缳ġ

  • gentoo: emerge --oneshot hello
  • Homebrew: brew reinstall hello
  • Arch: pacman -S hello

2.3. ¼³Ä¡µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö ¾÷±×·¹À̵åÇϱâ

  • deb, apt-rpm
    • apt upgrade
    • apt full-upgrade
    • apt dselect-upgrade
    • apt install hello
    • apt-get upgrade
    • apt-get dist-upgrade
    • apt-get dselect-upgrade
    • apt-get install hello
  • rpm
    • rpm -Uvh hello
    • yum update
  • pkgsrc: ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ make update
  • gentoo
    • emerge -u world
    • emerge -u hello
    • emerge -uDN world (use flag ¹Ù²ï °Íµéµµ ¸ù¶¥ »õ·Î upgradeÇϱâ)
    • emerge -uDN world && revdep-rebuild (ÀÇÁ¸¼º°ü°è°¡ ±úÁø°ÍÀ» ã¾Æ¼­ ¸ù¶¥ upgradeÇϱâ)
    • Ç×»ó upgrade ÈÄ¿¡´Â ¼³Á¤ÆÄÀϵéÀÇ upgradeµµ ÀØÁö ¸»±â
      • etc-update && env-update && source /etc/profile
  • slackware: upgradepkg hello.tgz
  • ports: portupgrade ÀÌ¿ë.
  • fink: fink update hello
  • Homebrew: brew upgrade
  • Arch: pacman -Su

2.4. ÆÐÅ°Áö »èÁ¦Çϱâ

  • deb
    • apt remove hello
    • apt install hello-
    • apt-get remove hello
    • apt-get install hello- (apt install hello goodbye- ¾Æ´Ï¸é apt-get install hello goodbye- ó·³ ¼³Ä¡ »èÁ¦ º´Çà °¡´É)
  • rpm: rpm -e hello
  • gentoo
    • emerge unmerge hello
    • emerge -C hello
  • pkgsrc: pkg_delete hello
  • slackware: removepkg hello.tgz
  • ports
    • ÇØ´ç port µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ make deinstall
    • pkg_remove, pkg_delete, pkg_deinstall
  • solaris: pkgrm hello
  • fink: fink remove hello
  • Homebrew: brew uninstall hello, brew rm hello
  • Arch: pacman -R hello

2.5. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼³Á¤ »èÁ¦Çϱâ

  • deb
    • apt remove --purge hello
    • apt-get remove --purge hello
  • fink: fink purge hello

2.6. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼Ò½º ¹Þ±â

  • deb: apt-get source hello
  • pkgsrc: /usr/pkgsrc/distfiles¿¡ ¼Ò½º°¡ ¹Þ¾ÆÁü.
  • gentoo: emerge -f hello
  • ports: /usr/ports/distfiles ¿¡ ¼Ò½º°¡ ¹Þ¾ÆÁü (make fetch, make extract)
  • Homebrew: brew unpack --patch hello (--patch ¾øÀ¸¸é upstream ±×´ë·Î Ç®¸²)

2.7. ÆÐÅ°Áö ºôµå ÀÇÁ¸¼º ÃæÁ·½ÃÅ°±â

  • deb: apt-get build-dep hello
  • gentoo: revdep-rebuild

2.8. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¼Ò½º ¹Þ¾Æ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ¼³Ä¡Çϱâ

  • deb: apt-get -b source hello
  • gentoo: emerge hello
  • ports: cd /usr/ports/<category>/<pkgname> && make install
  • slackware: ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ SlackBuild ÆÄÀÏÀ» ¹ÞÀº ÈÄ ½ÇÇà
  • Homebrew: brew install -s hello, brew install --build-from-source hello

3. ÆÐÅ°Áö Á¤º¸

3.1. ƯÁ¤ ÆÐÅ°ÁöÀÇ ÀÚ¼¼ÇÑ Á¤º¸ Ãâ·ÂÇϱâ

  • deb
    • dpkg --print-avail hello
    • dpkg -p hello
    • apt show hello
    • apt-cache show hello
  • rpm: rpm -qi hello
  • gentoo
    • /usr/portage ÇÏÀ§ÀÇ µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ *.ebuild ÆÄÀÏÀ» vi·Î ¿­¾îº¸¸é ÆľǵÊ
    • emerge -vp hello
  • pkgsrc: pkg_info hello
  • slackware: cat /var/log/packages/hello
  • ports: pkg_info hello
  • solaris: pkginfo -l hello
  • fink: fink describe hello
  • Homebrew: brew info hello
  • Arch
    • pacman -Si hello (¼³Ä¡µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é)
    • pacman -Qi hello (ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³Ä¡µÆ´Ù¸é)

3.2. ¼³Ä¡µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö Àüü ¸ñ·Ï º¸±â

  • deb: dpkg -l
  • rpm: rpm -qa
  • gentoo
    • (gentoolkit ¼³Ä¡ ÈÄ ) equery list
    • epm ÀÌ¿ë: emerge epm && epm -qa
  • pkgsrc: pkg_info
  • slackware: ls /var/log/packages
  • ports: pkg_info
  • solaris: pkginfo
  • fink: fink list
  • Homebrew: brew list
  • Arch: pacman -Q

3.3. ¼³Ä¡µÈ ÆÐÅ°Áö ÇØ´ç ÆÄÀÏ ¸ñ·Ï º¸±â

  • deb
    • apt-file list hello
    • dpkg -L hello
  • rpm: rpm -ql hello
  • gentoo
    • (gentoolkit ¼³Ä¡ ÈÄ) equery files hello
  • pkgsrc: pkg_info -L hello
  • slackware: cat /var/log/packages/hello
  • ports: pkg_info -L hello
  • solaris: pkgchk -l hello |grep Pathname
  • Homebrew: brew list hello
  • Arch: pacman -Ql hello

3.4. ƯÁ¤ ÆÄÀÏÀÌ ¾î´À ÆÐÅ°Áö¿¡ ¼ÓÇØ ÀÖ´ÂÁö º¸¿©ÁÖ±â

  • deb
    • apt-file search foofile
    • dpkg --search foofile
    • dpkg -S foofile
  • rpm: rpm -qf /path/to/foofile
  • gentoo
    • (gentoolkit ¼³Ä¡ ÈÄ) equery belongs /bin/ls
  • ports: pkg_info -W foofile
  • slackware: cat /var/log/packages/* | grep foofile
  • Arch: pacman -F foofile

3.5. ÆÐÅ°Áö ÀÇÁ¸¼º º¸±â

  • deb: apt-cache depends hello
  • rpm: rpm -q --requires hello
  • pkgsrc: ÇØ´ç ÆÐÅ°Áö µð·ºÅ丮¿¡¼­ make build-depends-list
  • ports: pkg_info -r <pkgname>
  • Homebrew: brew deps vorbis-tools
  • Arch
    • pacman -Si hello (¼³Ä¡µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é)
    • pacman -Qi hello (ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³Ä¡µÆ´Ù¸é)
    • pacman -S pacman-contrib; pactree hello (ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³Ä¡µÆ´Ù¸é)

3.6. ÆÐÅ°Áö ¿ª ÀÇÁ¸¼º º¸±â

  • deb: apt-cache rdepends hello
  • rpm: rpm -q --whatrequires hello
  • gentoo
    • qpkg --query-deps hello
    • qpkg -q hello
  • ports: pkg_info -R <pkgname>
  • Arch
    • pacman -Si hello (¼³Ä¡µÇÁö ¾Ê¾Ò´Ù¸é)
    • pacman -Qi hello (ÀÌ¹Ì ¼³Ä¡µÆ´Ù¸é)

3.7. ÆÐÅ°Áö°¡ ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â ½ºÅ©¸³Æ® º¸±â

  • rpm: rpm -q --scripts hello
  • Arch
    • pacman -S pacman-contrib; pacscripts hello

3.8. À̸§À¸·Î ÆÐÅ°Áö ã±â

  • deb
    • apt-cache pkgnames hello
    • dpkg -l hello
  • rpm
    • rpm -qa | grep hello
    • rpm -qa hello
  • gentoo
    • emerge search hello
    • emerge -s hello
  • pkgsrc: pkgfind hello
  • slackware: ls /var/log/packages | grep hello
  • ports
    • whereis hello
    • cd /usr/ports; make search name=hello
  • Homebrew: brew search hello, brew search /[hj]ello/
  • Arch: pacman -Ss hello

3.9. ¼³¸íÀ¸·Î ÆÐÅ°Áö ã±â

  • deb
    • apt search hello
    • apt-cache search hello
  • gentoo: emerge search -S hello
  • slackware: cat /var/log/packages/* | grep hello
  • ports
    • cd /usr/ports; make search key=hello
  • Homebrew: brew desc -s hello, brew desc -s /[hj]ello/
  • Arch: pacman -Ss hello

4. ÆÐÅ°Áö È÷½ºÅ丮(·Ñ¹é µî) °ü¸®

  • RPM, fedora12 Á¤µµºÎÅÍ Áö¿ø (yum 3.2.25 ÀÌÈÄ)

5. ¸Þ¸ð

´ë»ó OS/¹èÆ÷ÆÇÀº ¿©·¯ºÐÀÌ Àͼ÷ÇÏ°Ô »ç¿ëÇÏ°í ÀÖ´Â ¾î¶² °ÍÀÌ¶óµµ »ó°ü ¾øÀ¸¸ç ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô ³»¿ëÀ» Ãß°¡ÇØ ÁÖ½Ã°í °íÄ¥ ºÎºÐÀÌ ÀÖÀ¸¸é ¿ª½Ã ÀÚÀ¯·Ó°Ô °íÃÄ ÁÖ¼¼¿ä. ³»¿ë Á¤¸®, Àç¹èÄ¡ ¿ª½Ã ¾ðÁ¦µçÁö ȯ¿µÀÔ´Ï´Ù.

DeleteMe ÀÏ´Ü ±âº»ÀûÀÎ ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü·Ã ÀÛ¾÷µéÀ» ³ª¿­ÇØ º¸µµ·Ï ÇÏ°Ú½À´Ï´Ù. ÆÐÅ°Áö °ü¸®¿¡¼­ °øÅëÀûÀÎ ÀÛ¾÷µéÀ» Ãß°¡ÇØ Áֽðí, °¢ ÀÛ¾÷ ¾Æ·¡¿¡ ƯÁ¤ ¹èÆ÷ÆÇÀ̳ª OS¿¡¼­ ÀÌ¿ëµÇ´Â ¸í·É¾î¸¦ Àû¾î ÁÖ¼¼¿ä. (rpm, deb, ebuild, PkgsrcForLinuxUser, ports....)

6. Áú¹® & ´äº¯

Q : debian ¿¡¼­ apt-get source hello·Î ¼Ò½º¸¦ ¹Þ¾Æ¼­ ±× ¼Ò½º¸¦ ¼öÁ¤ÇÑ ÈÄ ÄÄÆÄÀÏ ÇÏ¿© ¼³Ä¡ÇÏ·Á¸é ¾î¶»°Ô ÇØ¾ß Çϳª¿ä?

A : FixMe ´õ ³ªÀº ¹æ¹ýµµ ÀÖ°ÚÁö¸¸, Àú´Â ¼Ò½º tarballµîÀ» ¸ðµÎ »èÁ¦ÇÑ ÈÄ debian/rules binary¸¦ sudo³ª fakeroot·Î ½ÇÇàÇÏ´Â ¹æ¹ýÀ» ÅÃÇÏ°í ÀÖ½À´Ï´Ù.


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